قائمة الطعام
The silica content of red mud mostly is unreactive and exists in crystalline state as reflected in mineralogical analysis in fig.3. Lime reactivity of red mud was low with an average value of 0.95 MPa,which indicated its poor pozzolanicbehaviour. Silica reactivity test conducted on red mud samples, indicated the average percentage of reactive ...
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When the digested and removed sulfur is equal, that is, the S T content in bauxite and red mud is about 0.30% and 0.46%, ... The changes of A/S, C/S (mass ratios of calcium oxide to silica) and N/S (mass ratios of sodium oxide to silica) ratios in red mud are shown in Fig. 5b. As Fig. 5a shows, ...
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The red mud and silica fume has been used as a partial replacement of cement in cement concrete. The red mud is by product of alumina from bauxite ore and silica fume is obtained from silicon ...
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The high content of alkali content of red mud not only pollutes groundwater sources and endangers human health during the storage process but also …
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Table 2, shows that the iron oxide content in red mud from outside China is higher than that of Chinese red mud, while the silica content is higher in Chinese red mud. These differences may be attributed to bauxite compositional differences or smelting process differences between China and other countries. In addition, the alumina …
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Red mud is little bit wet or content moisture when brought from aluminum industry and converted into a powder form after oven drying. Fine aggregates and coarse aggregates used for this study are natural sand conforming to grading Zone III from the local river bed and crushed granite natural stone aggregates conforming to IS:383 …
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Bayer red mud is the residue of alumina produced by the Bayer process, after the dissolution of bauxite with caustic soda, which is characterized by a high water content, a small particle size, and a high alkali content with an average pH value of 11.3 ± 1.0 [1,2].This is also a toxic industrial waste, with a global stockpile of over 2.7 billion …
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Abstract In order to conserve natural resources and prevent waste generation, effective utilization of industrial wastes and/or by-products for beneficial engineering applications becomes inevitable. In order to accomplish this, extensive research studies, exploring properties and new applications of waste materials in a …
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This paper provides a critical review of hydrometallurgical, solvometallurgical, and complex methods for the recovery of valuable components from red mud, namely, aluminum, titanium, sodium, and...
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After this test result showed that 10% red mud replacement with 20% silica to the weight of red mud can be added effectively in concrete without compromising the strength and also decreasing the cost of cement in concrete by 6.43% thereby achieving economy. ... Skip to search form Skip to main content Skip to account menu. Semantic Scholar's ...
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With the increase of SST content, the main crystal phase in the glass-ceramics will change from NaAlSiO 4 to (Ca,Na)(Si,Al) ... To achieve efficient utilization of red mud (RM) and silica sand tailing (SST) and reduce their potential risks to the ecological environment, this work used them to prepare glasses and glass-ceramics. ...
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The variety of red mud connections with other compounds and the multitude of polymerization parameters indicate the interest of researchers in searching for an optimal and effective solution.
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To selectively remove the solid silica, the residue was treated with concentrated HCl (3.0 M, L/S of 20 mL/g) at 95 °C, resulting in the dissolution of iron and …
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In this study, red mud and silica fume were investigated as partial replacements for cement in concrete. Five mixtures were tested. Herein, cement was replaced with red mud at 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 ...
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Ferrochrome ash and Silica fume are available in powder forms and readily used without any further treatment. Red mud is little bit wet or content moisture when brought from aluminum industry and converted into a powder form after oven drying. Fine aggregates and coarse aggregates used for this study are natural sand. Workability
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The conducted research has shown that a red mud content of about 0.1–1% is favorable for the bioleaching process, and the process duration varies from several days to several weeks. These conditions …
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Compared to other industrial by-products such as fly ash, slag, rice husk ash, silica fume, kaolin, etc., red mud (RM) from alumina production and granite waste powder (GW) from granite quarries ...
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A large number of methods for sustainable disposal of red mud was developed, however, it a tendency to use the red mud in other production process, up to 20 % of it until 2025.
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DOI: 10.1111/IJAC.13635 Corpus ID: 224995096; Assessment of mechanical and microstructural properties of geopolymers produced from metakaolin, silica fume, and red mud
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In the present work, red mud was pre-calcined at 600 °C for 2 h; pre-calcination converts aluminates and silicates present in red mud into alumina and reactive silica, and these formations can trigger the pozzolanic activity. Another reason is to reduce the hydroxide content, which creates hazards.
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The mineralogical content of red mud and the two slags were analysed by QEMSCAN and XRD in order to elucidate the leaching mechanism. Using the findings of this study, an empirical dry digestion leaching model was proposed for each starting material in a comparative manner. ... While formation of gypsum, rhomboclase and …
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The method of dry collection of the red mud involved natural air drying to remove excess moisture, resulting in red mud with a low water content. The choice of this drying method was based on the following considerations: dry state red mud can be more uniformly heated during subsequent thermal processing, avoiding the additional drying …
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Another sulfation process was carried out to treat red mud with 80% H 2 SO 4 at 120 • C for 14 h, followed by calcination at 700 • C for 1 h, leading to 88% of REEs recovery [24].
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Table 2, shows that the iron oxide content in red mud from outside China is higher than that of Chinese red mud, while the silica content is higher in Chinese red …
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The above results indicated that with the increase in red mud doping, the positive effect of alkalinity provided by red mud itself was gradually weakened, while the consumption of inert silica-aluminum components for alkaline activator was constantly rising, resulting in the reduction in the effective activator in the reaction system; the red ...
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Red mud is an alkaline residue formed during the alumina production, and 1–1.5 tons of red mud has been discharged for each ton of alumina produced [1, 2].As the largest consumer of aluminum in the world, China suffers a huge accumulation amount (500 million tons) of red mud [3, 4].Up to now, the main recycling method of red mud is …
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So, the composite should have the low content of fly ash and high content of red mud and silica fume. CR35 has shown the highest resistance against the acid, because, it contains lowest content of fly ash (6%) and the higher contents of red mud (25%) and silica fume (16%). Download : Download high-res image (200KB) Download …
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Red mud is a massive amount of alkaline slurry, which is disposed of alumina industries [1,2,3,4].Production of alumina throughout the world is more than 120 MT per year; one ton of alumina produces more than one ton of red mud [5, 6].Disposal of red mud is highly expensive and difficult to handle.
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The chemical compositions of the red mud before and after modification were analyzed and the result was listed in Table 1pared to the chemical composition of the original red mud, the SiO 2 content was significantly increased after the modification. The crystal phase compositions of the red mud before and after …
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The average diameters (D50) of materials are 14.25, 28.38, and 27.10 μm, respectively. It indicates that metakaolin is the precursor with finer particles, followed by silica fume and red mud. Red mud can be classified as a silt material, with only 7.9% of …
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