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Direct reduction of chromite (DRC) is a promising alternative process for ferrochrome production with the potential to significantly reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions compared to conventional smelting. In DRC, chromium (Cr) and iron (Fe) from chromite ore incongruently dissolve into a molten salt, which facilitates mass …
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The metal, examined through XRD and optical microscope, was found to be ferrochrome alloy. In situ EDAX analysis indicated the metal to have 61.51% Cr, 26.52% Fe and 13.1% C with minor silica (2.42%), and the slag was composed of Ca2Al2SiO7 which revealed that both metal and slag so obtained could suitably be used in different …
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Ferrochrome slag (FCS) is a by-product of ferrochrome industries and is produced during the extraction of ferrochrome from chromite ore. The chemical composition of FCS comprises of 27-33% SiO 2, 15-25% Al 2 O 3, 20-35% MgO, and 10-15% iron-chromium compounds.The high chromium content of FCS and the possibility …
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Ferrochrome slag (FCS) is the waste material produced during the production of iron and steel by processing chromite ore in electric-arc furnaces in ferrochrome production facilities.
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Semantic Scholar extracted view of "Influence of burning temperature and cooling methods on strength of high carbon ferrochrome slag lightweight aggregate" by Shaohua Zhang et al. ... Effects of a two-step heating process on the properties of lightweight aggregate prepared with sewage sludge and saline clay.
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Ferrochrome (FeCr) slag was used as a precursor for the synthesis of a geopolymer. The effect of KOH concentration, liquid solid ratio (L/S), content of potassium metalisicate (KS) or potassium aluminate (KA), curing time on the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and metal leachability of the synthesised geopolymer was investigated. …
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The conventional process of ferrochrome making involves the carbothermic reduction of chromite ore where around 1.2–1.5 tons of slag containing approximately 8–12% of chromium oxide is generated per ton of hot metal (Jena and Panigrahi, 2019; …
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Ferrochrome slag is the solid waste generated by the calcination of chromite in a submerged arc furnace, mainly including the preparation of pelletized feed, …
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erroFchrome slag is a leftover of the production process of ferrochrome, a crucial alloying element for the production of stainless steel. The material ... and provides a more e cient method for the reuse of ferrochrome slag. o-T ii Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za.
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ABSTRACT The ferrochromium slag is an important by-product of ferrochromium industries. Recycling and efficient utilization of the large volumes of slag generated by ferrochrome production process is a huge challenge for ferrochrome producers. This article reviews ferrochromium slag utilization with reference to …
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Huge amount of ferrochrome slag, a solid waste is being generated from submerged electric arc furnace during manufacturing of ferrochrome alloy. The waste slag contains about 6–12% chromium as chromium oxide and it has the potentiality of releasing hazardous chromium compounds. Although chromium exists in the slag as highly …
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The present research aims to analyze the comminution behavior of ferrochrome slag using high-pressure grinding rolls. The laboratory bench scale high-pressure grinding rolls were used to study the three significant variables on the grinding efficiency of ferrochrome slag. The Central Composite Design was used to study the …
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Furthermore, the slag from the smelting furnace often tends to be viscous and retains particles of the metal of the order of 1–2%. The dump at the ferrochrome plant, Bamnipal, containing valuable ferrochrome justified the construction of a "metal from slag recovery plant", if a suitable process could be developed.
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2.2 Ferrochrome slag products The ferrochrome slag products are granulated slag as well as classified slag products made by crushing and screening. The main part of slag is granulated. The cr ushed and screened slag products are produced from air cooled lumpy slag which is collected from various process phases, e.g. from ladles and launders.
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Hence, ferrochrome slag is thought to be a useful raw material for production of high temperature insulation bricks, construction work using geopolymer made from chromium slag, etc. Therefore, R&D scientists are trying to find suitable uses for other applications. In this chapter, the fundamentals of ferrochrome slag chemistry are …
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ferrochrome slag: A case study of a South African Ferrochrome industry FF Mugivhi ... In-vitro extraction methods used to measure the degree to which a substance (e.g., metal or ... waste generated by a particular process from the definition of waste; or (iv) where the Minister has, in the prescribed manner, excluded any waste stream or a ...
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This paper presents the results of research on the method of utilization of self-disintegrating slags of refined ferrochrome production by autoclave carbonization in carbon dioxide environment.
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The ever-increasing demand for ferrochrome alloys has resulted in a substantial accumulation of ferrochrome slag by-products in many mining areas.
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Zelic [15], Panda et al. [16] and Gencel et al. [17] reported the preparation of concrete aggregates from ferrochrome slag; Zhang et al. [18] synthesized high-strength lightweight aggregates using ...
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Ferrochrome slag (FCS) is a by-product of ferrochrome industries and is produced during the extraction of ferrochrome from chromite ore. The chemical …
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High Carbon Ferrochrome Technology. Johan Basson, Jorma Daavittila, in Handbook of Ferroalloys, 2013. 9.1.1 High Carbon Ferrochrome and Its Production Base. High carbon ferrochrome represents a group of alloys with a chromium content typically between 60% and 70% and a carbon content typically between 4% and 6%. To meet this specification …
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A detailed summary of the physical, chemical, and mechanical characteristics of ferrochrome slag and ferrochrome ash was presented in the study. Ferrochrome slag from previous studies is said to exhibit better mechanical properties compared to conventional coarse aggregates which contributed to better mechanical properties of …
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Ferrochrome production process. The production of ferrochrome involves a complex smelting process, usually carried out in electric arc furnaces. The process converts chromite ore (composed mainly of chromium oxide)) into ferrochrome, an alloy of iron and chromium. Here is a simplified overview of the ferrochrome production …
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Different methods of stabilizing chromium (VI), including the physical, chemical, and biological methods, are extensively discussed in this review. This article …
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This paper reports the characteristics of ferrochrome slag and its feasibility as aggregate in refractories aiming to substitute refractory raw materials. Refractory castable specimens were formulated with ferrochrome slag as an aggregate and commercial calcium aluminate cement as a binder. Objective was to prepare refractory specimens …
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A careful quality control of raw materials ensures maximum output and uniform quality in the smelting process. The main components of the slag are SiO 2, MgO ... Finally CCS value was calculated using the method stated in ASTM ... Ferrochrome slag is a non-plastic material and absence of cement binder causes deficiency in …
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Ferrochrome (FeCr) is the main source of chromium (Cr) units used in modern-day chromium (Cr) containing alloys. The vast majority of produced Cr is used …
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In this chapter, the fundamentals of ferrochrome slag chemistry are discussed. Results obtained by different workers are cited and thermodynamics models …
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In this study, existing and promising methods of processing fine fractions and dust of aspiration systems for the production of ferroalloys were analyzed. The technological properties of high-carbon ferrochrome screenings and dust of the ferrochrome crushing aspiration system of the Aktobe Ferroalloy Plant as raw materials …
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Introduction. Ferrochrome slag is a by-product of the production of ferro-chrome alloy, an essential component in stainless steel. The conventional process of ferrochrome making involves the carbothermic reduction of chromite ore where around 1.2–1.5 tons of slag containing approximately 8–12% of chromium oxide is generated …
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